Birsay: ancient capital of Orkney

Welcome to Birsay, home to Neolithic peoples, Picts, Vikings, Scottish Royalty and a cosmopolitan cross-section of people today.

Birsay – in fact, all of Orkney – has been settled continuously since Neolithic times more than 5000 years ago, and Birsay has remains and reminders from every chapter of this long history. Earliest are the chambered cairns and standing stones; in the Iron Age tall stone towers called brochs were built for reasons still unknown. Later, the Picts lived here, as archaeologists have found from their house sites and workshops. Most famously, the Norse swept all before them, as place names and the ruins of buildings testify. The Norse blended with the incoming Scots leaving a record of activity up to the present day.

Now a parish of Orkney, Birsay was already ancient when it became the centre of Viking power in the days of Earl Thorfin of Saga fame. Orkneys’ first cathedral was in Birsay, and St Magnus was buried here following his foul murder, c1116. St. Magnus Church now stands on these foundations. Centuries later Earl Robert Stewart, bastard brother of King James V, built his palace here, testimony to the richness of the area. Today peace reigns over good farm land, fishing grounds, bird colonies, convenient services and quiet, beautiful scenery.

Birsay Heritage Trust, old map.

Birsay Heritage Trust

The Birsay Heritage Trust was established in 1998 by the citizens of Birsay concerned that historically interesting sites are rapidly decaying or disappearing, and that living memory of these will soon fade.

Barony Mills

Orkney’s last remaining working watermill, producing stone ground Beremeal an ancient Viking Barley. Open for guided tours everyday May-September 11am-4.30pm. Find out more:

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Birsay whalebone

The Birsay whalebone was a landmark structure on Birsay’s Northside. Birsay Heritage Trust is raising money to commemorate the whalebone with a bronze statue.


HMS Tern

HMS Tern is a former Naval Air Station. In cooperation with ARGOS, the Aircraft Research Group, the Trust is undertaking renovation of the Control Tower and other buildings.

St Magnus Church

Recently taken into the care of the Trust, the Church’s stained glass window depicting St Magnus, its graveyard and views of the sea are all worth a visit…

Visiting Birsay

Absorb the sense of continuity wrought by the evidence of Birsay’s long history, walk along the sea cliffs, across the open moorland, explore archaeological treasures, or just relax in the glow of the open sea and sky.


Roond Aboot Birsay

The parish newsletter was started by Rev. Graeme Brown when he first came to the Birsay Parish. When Rev. Brown retired, the Birsay Community Council felt the newsletter was of significant interest to the parish that they continued its publication from time to time – we have nineteen editions from 2003-2020.